بررسی رویکرد یک دولت سکولار به «آموزش‎های دینی»؛ مطالعۀ موردی آموزش‎های اسلامی در کشور غنا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار جامعه المصطفی العالمیه؛ رئیس سابق دانشگاه اسلامی غنا (1393-1398)

چکیده

بازگشت قوی دین به عرصه‌های اجتماعی طی سال‌های اخیر، آیندۀ دولت‌های سکولار را به «میزان توانایی مدیریت آنها در مواجه با دینداران» گره زده است؛ برخی دولت‌های سکولار ارائه‌ی هدفمند «آموزش‌های دینی» را بهترین مسیر برای همزیستی مسالمت‌آمیز دینداران می‌دانند و برخی دیگر این آموزش‌ها را مانعی  در مسیر مدرنیته معرفی می‌کنند که باعث بروز اختلافات و تکه‌تکه شدن جامعه می‌شود. قضاوت کلی دربارۀ وضعیت آموزش‌های دینی در کشورهای سکولار  نادرست است و گریزی از «مطالعه موردی کشورها» در این خصوص نیست. سؤال اصلی این نوشتار این است که «آموزه‌های دینی، به‌ویژه آموزش‌های اسلامی» در کشور غنا به عنوان یکی از کشورهای پیشگام در ارائۀ آموزش‌های دینی توسط دولت سکولار چگونه است؟ روش تحقیق در این پژوهش تحلیلی−توصیفی است و اطلاعات مورد نیاز عمدتا با روش کتابخانه‌ای و نیز بررسی‌های میدانی جمع‌آوری شده است. براساس یافته‌های تحقیق دولت غنا راهی بین دو رویکرد «تعلیم دربارۀ تعهد» و «تعلیم از روی تعهد» را برای ارائۀ آموزش‌های دینی برگزیده است. ضمن اینکه دولت سعی می‌کند فعالیت مدارس و مراکز دینی را در چارچوب و ساختارهای مشخصی آزاد بگذارند. آشنایی با رویکردها و سیاست‌های آموزشی این کشور، باعث ایفای نقش فعال‌تری در حوزه آموزش دینی برای تحقق اهداف بین‌المللی جمهوری اسلامی ایران می‌شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Investigation of a Secular State's Approach to 'Religious Education': a Case Study of Islamic Education in Ghana

نویسنده [English]

  • Muhsen Marefi
Assistant Professor in al-Mustafa International University; Former Dean of Islamic University of Ghana (2014-2019)
چکیده [English]

The strong return of religion to the social arena in recent years has tied the future of secular states to their "ability to manage facing with the religious people"; some secular states have considered offering the "religious teachings" as the best path to peaceful coexistence of the religious people, and some introduce these teachings as an obstacle for modernity, which causes the emergence of disagreements and disintegration of the society. The general judgment about the condition of religious education in secular countries is wrong, and there is no way other than case study of countries in this regard. The main question in this study is as follows: “How is teaching religious, and especially Islamic teachings, in Ghana in the West Africa as one of the pioneers in providing "religious education" by the secular state? The research method is analytical-descriptive and the necessary information has been gathered mainly through library research and field study. According to research findings, the Ghanaian government has chosen a path between "education about commitment" and "education from commitment" to provide religious education. In addition, the government is trying to free religious schools and religious centers within certain frameworks and structures. Knowing the approaches and educational policies of this country will bring about an active role in the field of religious education to achieve the international goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ghana
  • Africa
  • Religious Education
  • Christians
  • Muslims

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